Magnetoviscous Effects in Ferrofluids

نویسنده

  • S. Odenbach
چکیده

Suspensions of magnetic particles with diameters in the nanometer range exhibit longterm sedimentation stability as well as the possibility of magnetic field induced control of their properties and flow. One of the most famous field induced effects is the change of viscosity of the fluids due to the action of magnetic influences. An explanation of these effects on basis of microscopic models is a challenging field of actual experimental and theoretical research. Within this article the state of knowledge on magnetoviscous effects in magnetic fluids will be summarized and in particular the experimental methods used to obtain related results will be discussed. Zusammenfassung Suspensionen nanometergrosser magnetischer Partikel können langzeitstabil erzeugt werden und gestatten die Kontrolle ihrer Eigenschaften und Strömungen durch moderate Magnetfelder. Einer der bekanntesten magnetischen Effekte, der in derartigen Suspensionen hervorgerufen werden kann, ist die Änderung ihrer viskosen Eigenschaften in Gegenwart von Magnetfeldern. Die Frage nach der mikroskopischen Ursache dieser Effekte ist ein Gebiet aktueller experimenteller wie auch theoretischer Forschung. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags soll der Stand der Kenntnisse über magnetoviskose Effekte in magnetischen Flüssigkeiten zusammengefaflt werden. Insbesondere sollen dabei auch die experimentellen Methoden zur Bestimmung der Feldabhängigkeit der Viskosität diskutiert werden. Résumé Les suspensions de particules magnétiques possèdant des diamètres de l’ordre du nanomètre présentent une stabilité de sédimentation a long terme. De plus, il est possible de contrôler leur propriétés et leur écoulement au moyen de l’application d’un champ magnétique. L’un des effets les plus célèbres, induit par le champ, est le changement de viscosité des fluides, du à l’action des influences magnétiques. Une explication de ces effets, sur la base de modèles microscopiques, est un domaine de recherches qui présente,de nos jours, un défi, tant du point de vue théorique qu’expérimental. Dans cet article, l’état des connaissances des effets magnétovisqueux dans les fluides magnétiques est résumé, et en particulier, les méthodes expérimentales utilisées sont discutées.

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تاریخ انتشار 2001